LAND TENURE SYSTEM IN ETHIOPIA

AND

RELATED FOOD SELF SUFFICIENCY AND SECURITY POLICY/STRATEGY ISSUES

Girma Mengistu

With the support of

T.G.M. Consultancy P.O.Box 93, Kality, Addis Ababa Tel: (251 - 1) 39 26 56 (251 – 9) 14 34 22 E-mail tgmgirma@ethionet.et

NEK-International Consultancy P.O.Box 13285, Addis Ababa Tel: (251 - 1) 66 71 97, 65 02 08 (251 - 9) 21 36 36 Fax (251-1) 66 71 96 E-mail nek@ethionet.et Website; http://www.ethionet.et/~nekint/

May, 2005

Addis Ababa

Table of Contents

List of Tables. 3

List of Figures. 3

Acronyms and Abbreviations. 4

FOREWORD.. 5

1 INTRODUCTORY BACKGROUND.. 6

2 ASSESSMENT OF FOOD SELF SUFFICIENCY AND SECURITY POLICIES AND STRATEGIES 9

2.1 National Food Self Sufficiency.. 9

2.2 Food Security.. 16

3 OVERVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.. 18

3.1 The Private Peasant Agriculture. 19

3.2 Large and Medium Scale Agriculture. 21

3.3 Irrigated Agriculture. 24

3.4 Temporary Food Crop Marketing.. 25

3.5 Livestock Production.. 27

4 THE EXISTING LAND TENURE POLICY AND PROPOSED CHANGES. 28

4.1 The Existing Land Tenure Policy.. 28

4.2 Magnitude of Displacement or “Eviction” if Land is to be Liberalized 30

4.3 Recommendations for Policy Change. 37

5 WORKING WITH OR FOR THE POOR?. 45

5.1 Background.. 45

5.2 Government Approaches in Addressing the Development/ Food Security Needs of the Poor.. 46

5.3 Donors and NGOs Working with the Poorest of the Poor.. 47

5.4 The Better Land Needing Better Attention.. 48

6 THE NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY AND PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS 48

6.1 Overview of Population Situation.. 48

6.2 Recommendations for Policy Improvement. 51

7 CONCLUSIONS. 54

ANNEXES. 55